Separate capacity, allocation and workload.

The model avoids double-counting productive-time allowances and avoids turning current staffing into a circular “norm”.

Start from actual available annual hours after calendar and absence assumptions.

Apply the customer-approved productive ratio once: available hours × productive ratio.

Shows where productive capacity goes. It is not, by itself, independent proof of required staffing.

Prefer volume × unit time, system evidence or fixed recurring workload. Survey-only estimates stay directional.

Required workload ÷ productive capacity per FTE = calculated norm FTE. Decimal output is preserved.

Suggested staffing is shown separately from the mathematical norm; confidence is a quality indicator, not a range replacement.